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motor neuron disease
A motor neuron disease (MND) is any of five neurological disorders that selectively affect motor neurons, the cells that control voluntary muscles of the body. These five conditions are amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, primary lateral sclerosis, progressive muscular atrophy, progressive bulbar palsy and pseudobulbar palsy.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Motor Neuron Diseases Fact Sheet: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) )〕 They are neurodegenerative in nature and cause increasing disability and, eventually, death.〔
==Terminology==
Technically the term "motor neuron disease" includes five diseases: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), primary lateral sclerosis, progressive muscular atrophy, progressive bulbar palsy and pseudobulbar palsy.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Motor Neuron Diseases Fact Sheet: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) )〕
In the United States the term is often used interchangeably with ALS.〔 In the United Kingdom "motor neurone disease" may be used to mean ALS.
While MND refers to a specific subset of similar diseases, there are numerous other diseases of motor neurons that are referred to collectively as "motor neuron disorders", for instance disease belonging to spinal muscular atrophies. However, they are not classified as "motor neuron diseases" by the tenth International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10) which is the definition followed in this article.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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